Biography of Julián Castro, 2020 Presidential Candidate

Account of Julin Castro, 2020 Presidential Candidate Julin Castro is a Democratic government official who has filled in as city councilman and chairman of San Antonio, Texas. Under President Barack Obama’s organization, he filled in as U.S. Secretary for Housing and Urban Development. In 2019, he declared his choice to run for leader of the United States. Quick Facts: Julin Castro Occupation: Attorney and politicianBorn: September 16, 1974, in San Antonio, TexasParents: Rosie Castro and Jesse GuzmanEducation: Stanford University, Harvard UniversityKey Accomplishments: San Antonio chairman, San Antonio City Council, U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, 2020 presidential candidateSpouse: Erica Lira CastroChildren: Cristin Julin Castro and Carina Castro.Famous Quote: â€Å"Texas might be the one spot where individuals in reality despite everything have bootstraps, and we anticipate that people should pull themselves up by them. In any case, we likewise perceive there are a few things we can’t do alone.† Early Years Julin Castro experienced childhood in San Antonio, Texas, with his indistinguishable twin sibling Joaquã ­n Castro, who is more youthful than him by one moment. His folks never wedded yet stayed together quite a while after Castro and his sibling were conceived. The couple partook in the Chicano Movement; Castro’s father, Jesse Guzman, was a lobbyist and math instructor, and his mom, Rosie Castro, was a political extremist engaged with the ideological group La Raza Unida. She filled in as Bexar County executive for the gathering, helping register individuals to cast a ballot and arranging political crusades. She in the end propelled her own bombed offer for the San Antonio City Council in 1971. In a meeting, Rosie Castro told the Texas Observer that as Julin and Joaquã ­n grew up, she invested a large portion of her energy attempting to bring in enough cash to raise them as a single parent. Be that as it may, she remained politically dynamic. Mindful of their mother’s penances, both Julin and Joaquã ­n Castro exceeded expectations in school. Julin Castro played football, tennis, and ball at Thomas Jefferson High School, where he graduated in 1992. He and his sibling won admission to Stanford University and, later, Harvard Law School, graduating in 1996 and 2000, separately. Julin Castro has acknowledged governmental policy regarding minorities in society for helping him get into Stanford, bringing up that his SAT scores were not serious. Political Career After Julin Castro finished his investigations, he and his sibling worked for the law office Akin Gump Strauss Hauer Feld, and later left to begin their own firm. The two siblings additionally sought after political vocations, making Rosie Castro’s impact on them apparent. Julin Castro won political race to the San Antonio City Council in 2001, when he was only 26 years of age, making him the most youthful councilman to ever serve the city. Later he put his focus on a mayoral crusade, yet lost his underlying offer. Joaquã ­n Castro won a seat in the Texas House of Representatives in 2003. In 2007, Julin wedded Erica Lira, a primary teacher. The couple had their first youngster, a little girl named Carina, in 2009. That equivalent year Castro was at long last chosen San Antonio civic chairman, serving until 2014, the year his child, Cristin Julin Castro, was conceived. During his residency as city hall leader, Castro gave a motivating keynote address at the 2012 Democratic National Convention in Charlotte, North Carolina, that earned him correlations with the discourse Barack Obama, at that point a U.S. congressperson, had made at the show eight years sooner. In his keynote, Castro talked about the American dream and the penances his family had made to assist him with accomplishing it. â€Å"The American dream isn't a run, or even a long distance race, however a relay,† he said. â€Å"Our families don’t consistently cross the end goal in the range of one age. Be that as it may, every age gives to the following the their rewards for so much hard work. My grandma never claimed a house. She cleaned different people’s houses so she could bear to lease her own. Be that as it may, she saw her little girl become the first in her family to move on from school. Also, my mom contended energetically for social equality so that rather than a mop, I could hold this microphone.† The discourse helped cause national to notice Castro that developed when President Obama named him the U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development in 2014. The then 39-year-old was the most youthful individual from Obama’s bureau. Filling in as HUD secretary didn't simply push him into the national spotlight, however, it likewise landed him in a contention. The HUD Controversy During his residency at HUD, the office started worries about its treatment of home loan advances. In particular, HUD was blamed for offering home loans to Wall Street banks, causing legislators like U.S. Congressperson Elizabeth Warren to get out the office. Warren reprimanded HUD for auctioning off reprobate home loans without first allowing borrowers the chance to change their advance terms. As opposed to money related firms, Warren needed not-for-profit associations to deal with these home loans and help battling borrowers. Despite the fact that Castro accepted the consequences for HUD’s the executives of home loan credits, the agency’s rehearses around there originate before his arrangement as secretary. A 2015 Bloomberg investigation found that since 2010, HUD had offered 95 percent of such credits to venture firms. That’s four years before Castro went ahead board. In any case, pundits of Castro keep on considering him responsible for the issue, some contending that it ought to exclude him from filling in as VP or president. HUD’s specifications for selling reprobate advances was thusly changed. Presidential Run Since his keynote address at the 2012 Democratic National Convention, hypothesis that Castro would one day run for president has tailed him. The theory escalated when Castro’s memoir, An Unlikely Journey: Waking Up From My American Dream, appeared in 2018. Numerous legislators compose books to customize themselves to people in general and communicate their political perspectives. On Jan. 12, 2019, in San Antonio, Texas, Castro formally reported his presidential appointment. During his discourse, he gave an outline of the issues that have been essential to him all through his vocation, including youth training, criminal equity change, all inclusive human services, and movement change. â€Å"We disapprove of building a divider and express yes to building community,† Castro said. â€Å"We state no to scapegoating settlers, and yes to Dreamers, yes to keeping families together, and yes to at long last passing extensive migration change, Castro said to acclaim. Castro has additionally been a long-lasting supporter of LGBT rights and of Black Lives Matter. On the off chance that Castro wins the Democratic assignment, he would be the primary Latino to gain that distinction.â Sources Baugh, Josh.â€Å"From Political Matriarch Rosie Castro, the Sons Also Rise.† San Antonio Express-News, Sept. 30, 2012.Cirilli, Kevin. â€Å"Julian Castros 5 Notable Lines.† Politico.com, Sept. 4, 2012.Cranley, Ellen. â€Å"Heres how Julin Castro came to be a 2020 presidential competitor and what may be next.† Business Insider, Jan. 13, 2019.Garcia-Ditta, Alexa. â€Å"The Interview: Rosie Castro.† Texas Observer. Merica, Dan. â€Å"Julin Castro Officially Announces 2020 Presidential Bid.† CNN, Jan. 12, 2019.â€Å"Elizabeth Warren Protests Sales of Distressed Home Loans to Wall Street.† Al-Jazeera America, Sept. 30, 2015.

A research about Moses Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

An about Moses - Research Paper Example Infant Moses was found by Pharaoh’s little girl who acquired him and raised him the royal residence. She named him Moses saying: â€Å"Because I coaxed him out of the water.† 1 When he grew up, he began helping his brethren until one day when an Egyptian was killed by his hand as he was beating a guiltless Hebrew. Dreading the discipline, he sneaked away and lived in desert for a long time until God called upon him. During his stay in the desert, he worked for a man named Jethro, helped him taking care of his crowd, later, he was hitched to Jethro’s daughter.2 God Calls Upon Moses. It has been expressed in the Bible that God showed up as a consuming bramble before Moses. â€Å"But concerning the dead, that they rise, have you not read in the book of Moses, in the consuming shrub entry, how God addressed him, saying, ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’?† 3 God trained Moses to go to the Pharaoh and persuade him to let the individuals live in amicability and to let them move to the place where there is Canaanites and Hittites, which is the place that is known for streaming milk and nectar and the place where there is thriving and bliss. He at that point disclosed to him that in the event that he doesn't concur God will hit Egypt with every one of his marvels. Moses was talented a couple of wonders by God which incorporated the accompanying: Miracles offered on Moses God advises Moses to get the pole that he was conveying and drop it to the ground. The pole transformed into a snake. At that point, He advises Moses to get it from his tail, the snake changed into the pole once more. Furthermore, He stated, â€Å"Cast it on the ground.† So he cast it on the ground, and it turned into a snake; and Moses fled from it.4 God taught Moses to place his hand into his chest which supernaturally transformed into day off. He at that point advised Moses to put his hand again to his chest; the hand had returned to the first condition. Notwithstanding of these supernatural occurrences Moses addressed God again in the event that he was the ideal individual to be called upon for the individuals as he got himself not familiar enough in discourse. â€Å"But Moses said to God, â€Å"Who am I that I ought to go to Pharaoh, and that I ought to bring the offspring of Israel out of Egypt?† 5 Moses was as yet confounded on the off chance that he was the correct individual for such an extraordinary assignment. God at that point requested him to take his sibling Aaron with him who will help him in calling upon the individuals of Egypt. God says: And God said to Moses, â€Å"I AM WHO I AM.† And He stated, â€Å"Thus you will say to the offspring of Israel, ‘I AM has sent me to you.’† 6 God’s Strike: the ten torment in Egypt The Bible says Moses was 80 years of age when he went into Egypt. At the point when they showed up before the Pharaoh and requeste d that he let the individuals proceed to live in quietness. â€Å"Afterward Moses and Aaron went in and told Pharaoh, â€Å"Thus says the LORD God of Israel: ‘Let My kin go, that they may hold a dining experience to Me in the wilderness.’†7 On refusal, Aaron dropped the bar of Moses before the Pharaoh which at that point transformed into a snake. In any case, the performers of Pharaoh did likewise. God at that point indicated his capacity by requesting the snake from Moses’ pole to annihilate every single other snake shaped by the horrible entertainers and alchemists. Pharaoh declined again to release the offspring of Israel which came about in God’s anger and He hit Egypt with ten diverse plagues.8 1. Water transformed into blood 2. Amassing frogs 3.

Discussion Responses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Conversation Responses - Essay Example The director of Human Resources in any case, neglected to actualize the adjustments as per the rules. He disregarded the most significant advance †to educate all representatives that changes were going to be made †rather he disclosed to them when they were being made. Clearly the repercussions were awful. 3. The supervisor needs to guarantee that choices are verified courses of events. I feel that like all individuals working inside a timetable they hold attempting as far as possible and limitations gave, so if the supervisor gives a severe time period, that is in actuality longer than that truly required, he/she will accomplish what he/she needs inside the ‘real’ time plan. I don’t figure you will at any point go to the circumstance where you have to consider surrendering. 4. Clearly the board needs to catch up on the results of settled on choices however this ought to be done in such a manner as not to sabotage center administration work force. Criticism ought to be looked for from them instead of setting out on their own examination. Trust and self-governance are vital and if not considered by representatives as gave, will affect contrarily on future dynamic. 5. One approach to manage change obstruction is to sort out a gathering of faculty to figure out who are the heroes and promoters of the change and to figure out who are the most compelling among the heroes. Fixation should then be put on persuading that individual of his/her own benefit with the change and the detriments for them without the change. 6. Morals are subjective depending on each person's preferences. On the off chance that we accept the choice is really right, at that point we ought to have made it in light of everybody included. On the off chance that there is a representative who stands to lose by that choice, at that point this should be recognized and managed my contribution choices for that worker. The moral choice isn't to lie and bamboozle however to be straightforward. 7. I realize that business is attempted in totally different manners inside

Inevitable Cold War - Free Essay Example

Lets parse this and break down some of the reasons that the Cold War broke out. First of all, at the end of the Second World War the Soviets were the dominant land force in Europe, but this force had some severe limitations. First of all, their logistical machinery was largely supplied by the Americans: they couldnt have been nearly as successful without those Studebakers and the thousands of miles of phone lines, etc., that came in from the US. Furthermore, this army had run out of replacements in January 1945, so its combat strength could only go down. Next, there wasnt an easy way to feed these troops, because the Soviet Union was so decimated. Also, while the Soviet Air Force was good, it wasnt on the level of the US and British Air Forces. And, of course, the Soviet Union did not have the atom bomb. This means that while the Soviets were imposing and very scary to the West, they had weaknesses of which Stalin was largely aware. The Westerners understood that the Soviet military was flawed, but they also knew that the cost of fighting the Soviet Union would have been enormous. Could the Soviet Union have won a war with a determined West in 1945? Absolutely not, but victory would have taken years and several more atom bombs. Now, the Soviet Unions leadership were concerned about the Western threat. In fact, they had been paranoid about this threat for decades. Lets be clear, there were many times that the threat had manifested itself in violence. Stalin and his cronies made some incorrect assumptions about the Western threat, though. First of all, they lumped the Nazis in with the British and the Americans: Stalin always feared they would come to an accommodation. Secondly, the Soviet Unions leading economic theorists believed that the prime economic engine of the West was the United States. The United States produced an enormous amount of stuff, but it did so with deficit spending and its spending was devoted to war materials. With the war coming to an end the US home front was going to be flooded with returning veterans for whom there were no jobs. Furthermore, there was practically no consumption at home to sustain spending, so American industries would collapse again from lack of demand. This would open the door for communist success in the West and Stalin wanted to be ready for that. Lets add something into all of the above: the Soviet Union had a huge army that it could not feed. It couldnt afford to release its veterans back home because there was no place for them to go. The solution was to keep them in uniform occupying Eastern Europe. They looted the land under the guise of reparations and also provided a useful buffer for the Soviet Union. Now, Stalins economic assumptions were actually more or less correct. In the immediate aftermath of the War the West did suffer some bad recessions. There wasnt enough food. There certainly werent enough jobs for returning US servicemen. Communist parties in Europe made lots of headway. What Stalin did not anticipate was the way in which America responded. First of all, the US was more prepared for returning servicemen than even they realized. The GI Bill was a stroke of genius. For one thing, it gave many servicemen the opportunity to go to college. That meant that many servicemen ended up going to school instead of returning to the work force. This alone forced an expansion of the education sector which in turn drove domestic consumption. The educated folks who graduated years later provided the basis for the educated workforce the US needed. The GI Bill also allows for servicemen to get decent mortgage rates, etc. This made it easier for employed servicemen to buy a house. Now, the construction industry had been moribund for much of the Depression and only returned to life during the War. Well, the construction during the War was not for civilian use, so there was a huge pent up demand for housing. The construction industry actually expands. So, in the US there was a minor recession, but it was ameliorated in the long term by the GI Bill. The GI Bill was not intended to save the US from economic ruin: it was just a bonus. But the Marshall Plan was intended to save the West from economic ruin. People forget how much money and aid the US was already sending overseas and they focus on the Marshall Plan. This is for a very good reasons: the Marshall Plan was designed to jump start industry. It was all loan money, sure, but the US had rules on how it was to be spent. The first 40% could be spent on foreign (US) goods. This, of course, drove the US economy even further. The next 60%, though, had to be spent on local industry. This was brilliant. The US was essentially writing a check to allow Western countries to deficit spend to rebuild their industrial sectors. Now, if youre Stalin, you see postwar Europe going the way you want it to, then you begin to perceive a sudden turning of the tide against you. To Stalin this looks like a direct threat to him and the Soviet Union. Stalin knew that the Soviet Union and its satellite states were woefully behind in reconstruction. In Stalins opinion he had to pressure the West into making humiliating concessions to the Soviet Union. The idea here was to demonstrate to Europe that the Soviets were the only true power on the continent. If the US backed down from a war, then the Western countries would realize the US wont help them resist the Soviets. Thus, we get recurring Berlin Crises, etc. Of course, the US did stand up to the Soviet Union which resulted in a hardening of the Western alliance. Stalins miscalculation in this respect led to the consolidation of anti-communist sentiment. Stalin was brutal and evil, but he was not an idiot. His calculations are rational, but his conclusions were all wrong . A few things happened. One of them is George Kennan. George Kennan articulated the theory of containment. Basically, he argued that the communist states could not possibly succeed unless they had access to all of the worlds resources, otherwise they would always be forced into the market for the things they needed and that was to their disadvantage. To this end, Kennan posited, the Soviet Union needed to push worldwide revolution: communism could only be successful when it achieved world domination. Now Kennans theory is widely reviled and he himself complained how much it was misinterpreted. He was right that economically a true communist state could only succeed if it had all means of production under its control. He was wrong in assuming that that was necessarily Stalins goal. Stalin more likely wanted to neuter the major powers around him and to dominate Eurasia. In other words, Stalins motivation was defensive driven by his paranoia. In any case, Kennan argued that stopping the communist tide rested on a combination of approaches, diplomatic, cultural, economic, and military. To his consternation, most US governments interpreted Kennans plan as necessitating military involvement and commitment and ignoring the other factors he laid out. This was a dumb choice, because it meant ignoring the USs other strengths to compete wit h the Soviet Unions one strength. Kennan lays out a policy, but it catches fire for many reasons. One is that many politicians in the US are already inclined to be anti-communist. Even if theyre somewhat socialistic in their outlook they are often anti-Soviet. Plus, the sense is that giving the communists an inch anywhere would be appeasement, and that led to disaster with Hitler. During the Depression Roosevelt had a coalition that included many socialist/communist sympathizers. There was certainly an uptick in Communist Party membership. Thats not a problem, except the Comintern tried to keep fairly tight control of communist parties outside of the Soviet Union. The perception was that the Soviets controlled the foreign communist parties. At the very least the Soviet Union used the communists and their fellow travelers as a recruiting base for spies. As spies were uncovered paranoia in the United States mounted. Toss in the fact that politicians were using the spy issue to undermine their political and cultural opponents, and no one wants to be seen as soft on communism. What we have here is a ratcheting process: The Soviet Union was trying to achieve its goals by frustrating the United States. The United States felt that the Soviet Union was trying to expand its power by any means necessary. They ended up both raising the stakes, because neither one wanted to be humiliated. I think the Cold War could not have been avoided given what people knew at the time. Both sides were rational but had totally different domestic pressures and ways of looking at the world. Neither could see a way out of confrontation without backing down. I also dont believe the Cold War could have been avoided given what we know now. Only if the Soviets and the Americans gave up their lifelong preconceptions about the other, which would be incredibly unrealistic.

Joy Luck Club Is One Of The Most Heartfelt Stories - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 797 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/07/03 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Joy Luck Club Essay Did you like this example? Joy Luck Club is one of the most heartfelt stories i have ever encountered since the movie the Color Purple. The elongated and explorative stories in Joy Luck Club have you loose and gain faith in humanity. The JLC (Joy Luck Club) starts off with the death of Suyuan Woo. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Joy Luck Club Is One Of The Most Heartfelt Stories" essay for you Create order Suyuan Woo a Chinese Born mother to three dies without going back to China and reuniting with her Two Children who were left because of Wartime stress and Dysentery. Suyuans American born daughter June semi takes her place in the official Joy Luck Club a band of four women including Suyaun now June. The rest of the club members in the Joy Luck Club have similar traumatic experiences in China that shape them into the women they are today. Lindo Jong, AnMei Hsu, and Ying Ying St. Clair are the other women in the Joy Luck Club. Lindo Jong. Lindo at a young age was prepared at the age of 15 to live in a womans house, and fulfil a guarantee to have many children with a young boy. Lindo was given up and sent to this house treated unfairly and like garbage until she made a scene that would change her life. Screaming that the ancestors forbid the marriage and made a baby in the maids belly she escaped her prison and got a rail ticket to Shanghai. Lindo Jongs daughter Waverly Jong chess champion had confidence like no other. Welding this power in chess she became a life magazine front cover. Lindo basking in this glory flaunts her daughter as if she were in her daughters place. Lindo using Waverly as a showboat. Quitting chess because of it Waverly decrees it, but her mother takes no notice. Waverly after months decides to return to chess but does not make a successful comeback. Seeing the self inflicting burden she never played again. Marrying a Chinese man to please her mother she never did, having a baby then divorcing. After this Waverly dated Richard a white man. Lindo silently expressing doubts disapproves Richard. Ying Ying 16 year old Ying ying wooed by playboy Lin Xiao becomes pregnant with his child. Showing his true colors after the baby Lin Xiao because intimate with a opera singer and many other women destroying his domestic relationship with Ying ying. Ying ying Traumatized by the age of 16 drowns her baby because of overwhelming sorrow. Moving to America she was terminally Traumatized by the death if her baby effecting her second child, Lena. Lena with no sense of drive repeats her mothers mistake of having no backbone and no spirit. Living in a emotionally draining household and married to a man who anally splits everything she has an intervention. In a late night arguement Lena argues what there marriage is truly based on. Ying ying spotting the same signs of her relationship initiates the separation. As she calls hiding in the trees and cutting her spirit loose. Lena divorces and dates again. An Mei An mei burned from a bowl of soup has never known her mother, accused of breaking vows. One day her mother returned to do the most honorable sacrifice. An meis grandma dying drinks her daughters blood in order to heal her terminal sickness. An mei witnessing her mother for the first time loses her grandmother, Only the most dutiful daughter cut there flesh for their dying mother to save her life. Decided to move with her mother An Mei leaves her aunts and uncle. Rose An Meis daughter like her mother doesnt know her worth. Meeting her new boyfriends parents Rose is confronted with racial derogatory language from the mother. Ted confronting the problem shows how much he loves her. Ted and Rose get married and buy a house. The weight of marriage sinks in to Rose and in a desperate unintentional measure Rose cant stand up for herself nor have an opinion. Having self worth issues it drags the marriage down to the ground nearing divorce An Mei tells the story of heartbreak and the reason her mother was treated as garbage. 8-9 year old An Mei learns her mother was raped by Wu Tsing (pimp) and kept hostage holding his child, not able to go anywhere or do anything. The child ultimately was stolen from her and 1st wife owns him. Surprised of this An meis mother kills herself and flies through the pearly gates of overdose with the strategic role of helping her daughter An mei and her son. Flying through the Pearly gates with the biggest F*cking vengeance chip An Mei wreaks havoc on those who have done wrong to her and her brother. F*cking everything up she gets the respect her and her brother deserve and the first wife backs off for good.

Should Undocumented Immigrants Be Legalized - 2032 Words

Should Undocumented Immigrants be Legalized? Moving to a new place to start anew is hard. Whether it is for school, work, or a desire for a change in lifestyle, many people move and are familiar with the accompanying hardships. But what if the only moving option for your life’s improvement was incredibly difficult, ripped you from family and friends, and, in fact, would label you as a criminal if you took matters into your own hands and set forth for a better life. But still, the typical concerns of a newcomer – such as having only a handful of social connections, learning local customs and locations, and accumulating enough things to live in relative comfort – are obstructed by the shadow of hope for a better life. To many foreign people,†¦show more content†¦Many people made the journey of their own across the Atlantic Ocean to this New World. As colonies and territories turned into a sovereign-nation it attracted its own immigrants under a host of reasons. During the 19th century a major wave of immigration came mostly from northern and western Europe. Roughly one-third came from Ireland, which experienced a massive famine in the mid-19th century. Also in this time, the United States received numerous German immigrants. Many of them traveled to the present-day Midwest to buy farms or massed in such cities as Milwaukee, St. Louis and Cincinnati. The mid-1800s brought a significant number of Asian immigrants who also settled in the United States – enticed by news of the California gold rush; approximately 25,000 Chinese had migrated there by the early 1850s. In modern times, immigrants are mainly Mexicans, Chinese, Indians, and Filipinos, and still seek opportunity for wealth and better life. From history to the present, immigration has been a huge component of America. (Immigration Timeline 2015) Illegal Immigration to the United States is an act of violating the Immigration laws by entering the country without proper documentation or overstaying for the period of time allowed as a visitor of the country. According to Department of Homeland Security, there are approximately 11 million undocumented

Othello the Manipulator free essay sample

Shakespeare’s Othello: Iago, the Master Manipulator William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Othello† is a play consumed with deception, jealousy, and revenge, mainly caused by a powerful â€Å"villain† named Iago (1. 1. 28). Although Iago presents himself as everyone’s honest friend, he is always trying to manipulate and deceive them, as shown in his words â€Å"Whip me such honest knaves† (1. 1. 50). This heartless character even manipulates everyone around him including his companions Cassio, Rodrigo, and the Moor, Othello intending to gain power. His actions create a massive amount of jealousy and rage.All of this revenge and manipulation first forms when Cassio is chosen for the position as Othello’s Lieutenant, a job which Iago wanted desperately. This sends Iago into a rage motivated by his hunger for power. His revenge towards Cassio first begins at a celebration when Iago pressures him into having one drink after another knowing Cassio has a low tolerance with alcohol. Under pressure, Cassio argues, â€Å"Not tonight, good Iago: I have very poor and unhappy brains for drinking: I could well wish courtesy would invent some other custom of entertainment† (2. . 1164-1167). Iago’s perfects his manipulation by taking advantage of other’s weaknesses. Iago manipulates both Cassio and Rodrigo into fighting each other which results in Othello taking away Cassio’s title as Lieutenant. Using Cassio’s statement, †She’s a most exquisite lady† Iago is able to use this to conjure a second mastermind plan to have Cassio’s reputation ruined by convincing Othello that Cassio and Desdemona are having an affair (2. 2. 1152).Although Iago seeks revenge from Cassio for gaining Iago’s desired position as Lieutenant, his main interest of destruction is the Moor Othello, which is the masterpiece of Iago’s many manipulative plots. Iago uses Othello’s beloved wife, Desdemona, to take advantage of Othello’s weakness. Iago implies, â€Å"Cassio my lord? No, sure, I cannot think it; That he would steal away so guilty-like, Seeing your coming† (3. 3. 1668-70). Iago’s coy assumption of Cassio overcomes Othello, making Othello think Iago is an honest friend he can trust. This gained trust makes Iago’s plans of destruction much easier to accomplish. Iago, also, makes Othello overhear a conversation between Iago and Cassio, which he believes he is about Desdemona, when in fact their conversation is about Cassio’s prostitute Bianca. As the two men laugh and tell sexual stories, Othello goes into a jealous rage, at the thought of Cassio having these relations with Desdemona. Iago multiplies Othello’s rage as he talks about the situation, â€Å"Did you perceive how he laughed at his vice? † (4. . 2602). He convinces Emilia to take Desdemona’s handkerchief, which was Othello’s first significant gift to her. Iago sets the situation up so that the sacred handkerchief will be found in Cassio’s room, and later is given to Cassio by Bianca in front of Othello. As Iago pumps more deceitful lies of Cassio and Desdemona’s affair into Othello’s head, Iago says, â€Å"And did you see the handkerchief? †¦and to see how he prizes the foolish woman your wife! She gave it him, and he hath given it his whore† (4. 1. 2604-08).Othello, having seen this will have all the evidence he needs to suspect Cassio of the affair. Iago then manipulates Othello into killing his loyal wife by suggesting, â€Å"Do it not with poison, strangle her in her bed, even the bed she hath contaminated† (4. 2. 2638-39). Iago’s over whelming hunger for power is also shown though his best companion, Rodrigo, whom is also in love with Desdemona. Discovering that Desdemona and Othello are married, frantic Rodrigo confides in Iago and asks, â€Å"What should I do? I confess it is my shame to be so fond; but it is not in my virtue to amend it† (1. . 673-676). As a master of deception, Iago proves to Rodrigo that Desdemona’s heart will be easily won by his lavish expensive gifts. With Rodrigo’s excessive amount of savings, Iago purchases these gifts that are intentionally for Desdemona and sells them for his profit. Secondly, Iago convinces Rodrigo into thinking that Cassio and Emilia are having an affair. Iago manipulates Rodrigo into fighting Cassio at the celebration. Iago persuades Rodrigo by saying, Watch you to-night; for the command, I’ll lay’t upon you. Cassio knows you not.I’ll not be far from you: do you find some occasion to anger Cassio, either by speaking too loud, or tainting his discipline; or from what other course you please, which the time shall more favorable minister (2. 1. 1064-70) In conclusion, Iago’s deception and manipulation plan to gain power completely fails as everything falls to pieces. When Iago’s wife, Emilia, reveals Desdemona’s loyalty to Othello and all of Iago’s lies, it is far too late. After Othello murders his wife, he finds out all of Iago’s â€Å"honest words† were all lies and catches Iago in the act.In the final scene, Iago says, â€Å"Demand me nothing: what you know, you know: from this time forth I never will speak word† (5. 2. 3665-66). In the end, Iago manipulated everyone around him so he could gain personal power. However, his selfish goal of power is never reached and nothing is gained from Iago’s manipulative actions. Iago’s excessive lies and actions show that he is the main cause for so many problems containing deception, jealousy, rage, and revenge. Work Cited Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice. The Norton Shakespeare: Tragedies. 2nd ed. Ed. Stephen Greenblatt. New York: W. W. Norton, 2008, 425-507.

Tarnished gold Some of the great Olympics cheat Essays - Sports

Tarnished gold: Some of the 'great' Olympics cheats Faster, higher, farther...sneakier? From non-disabled Paralympians to rigged fencing foils and badminton players intent on losing - here's our guide to the Olympians who fell far short of the high Olympic ideals... Guy Adams @ guyadams Wednesday 1 August 2012 11:00 BST Tarnished gold: Some of the 'great' Olympics cheats An official threatens Greysia Polii and Meiliana Jauhari of Indonesia and Jung Eun Ha and Min Jung Kim of Korea with a 'black card' disqualification In the long history of Olympic cheating last night's effort (or rather lack of it) by badminton players at Wembley Arena is a little unusual. Rather than attempting to win through the employing of devious methods the players from China and South Korea, in fact, appeared to be attempting to lose in order to manipulate a draw. The farcical scenes that saw players booed, jeered, disqualified and then reinstated - have today led to the launching of disciplinary proceedings against the four players. The fiasco began when Chinese top seeds Wang Xiaoli and Yu Yang started to show little interest in beating Koreans Jung Kyung- eun and Kim Ha- na to finish top of Group A. Coming second would have meant avoiding compatriots and second seeds Tian Qing and Zhao Yunlei at least until the final. Tian and Zhao had been sent off their natural path to the final as second seeds by defeat to Denmark's Kamilla Rytter Juhl and Christinna Pedersen earlier in the day. The Koreans responded to China's antics by copying them and referee Thorsten Berg emerged to warn all the players and subsequently disqualify and reinstate them. Though the desire to lose may have been unusual, mendacity, manipulation and outright cheating at the Olympic games are nothing new... Ben Johnson, Seoul, 1988 There were drug cheats before, and there have been drug cheats since. But it took the downfall of Ben Johnson to demonstrate the apparent ubiquity of banned substances at the very highest level of sport. On the evening of 24 September, the Canadian sprinter set a new world record of 9.79 seconds in the men's 100m final, lifting his hand in triumph as he crossed the finish line ahead of arch rival Carl Lewis and Britain's Linford Christie, in what a BBC commentator declared "the greatest sprint race in history". Three days later, it became the most tarnished. Johnson was stripped of his medal, and had his record expunged after a sample of his urine tested positive for stanozolol , an illegal steroid. He initially denied cheating, but later confessed - arguing that drug use was endemic in top-tier athletics. In a way, he had a point: six of the eight finalists in that famous 100m race were at some point in their careers tainted by association with "juicing", and several, like him, served bans. But no one fell further, or harder, or more publicly than Ben Johnson. And somehow, the Olympic ideal would never feel quite the same. Boris Onischenko , Montreal, 1976 At the height of the Cold War, when Olympic sports were a cipher for political clashes between East and West, the heavily- favoured Russians took on second- favourites , Great Britain, in the fencing leg of the Modern Pentathlon. Onischenko , who had won silver in the previous two Games, and was desperate to go one better, easily dispatched the UK's Danny Parker. Then he won a baffling bout against Adrian Parker, in which the electronic scoreboard registered a hit, despite an apparent lack of contact between Onischenko's epee and Parker's body. Next up was Jim Fox, a British Army captain. Early in their bout, the scoreboard once more lit up, suggesting a Soviet triumph. But Fox, who was sure he'd taken evasive action, was having none of it - and demanded an examination of his opponent's sword. "I thought the weapon was faulty," he later recalled. That was only the half of it. Buried beneath the leather handle, judges discovered an intricate wiring system designed to register a "hit" when a small button was pressed. "It was a real engineering job," said Mike Proudfoot , the British team manager. "Not just a ham amateur's effort. They had

How to Write an Outline in MLA Format

How to Write an Outline in MLA Format How to Write an Outline in MLA Format Lately, there has been a lot of buzz around MLA format or style of writing. MLA stands for Modern Language Association. In the Modern Language Association (MLA) style an outline is not strictly required which means you may choose not to write one. However, you should know that an essay with an outline is better understood and accepted not only by the audience, but also by your instructor when it comes to grading you and acknowledging your work. So, our suggestion is to read this article carefully because it will explain you in details how to write an outline in MLA format. First, of course, you have to choose a thesis and research it well in order to write a good essay of any kind. In Modern Language Association (MLA) format you have to place the thesis above your outline. You can also type the word thesis with capital letters just above it. It will be good if you can state your thesis in one sentence. It has to present the topic and your opinion on it. You can also use comparison or contrast when starting to declare your thesis. It is very important for the MLA outline to provide examples, facts and ideas that support your thesis. So, after you have researched your thesis well, pick the strongest evidence which supports it first and the rest organize depending on its strength. Make a draft of your outline, it will help you reevaluate once more the information you have gathered. You may decide to add or delete something. Drafting an outline is important because it will show on early stage whether you have missed out important ideas and examples or you have used superfluous information. It is the supporting information, ideas and points that will create the main outlook of your essay. They will either make your thesis sound reliable and trustworthy or not. That is why careful research and initial drafting are extremely important. Writing an outline in MLA format, of course, has a few more general specifics. For the main ideas in your outline you must use Roman numbers followed by period, for information that clarifies the main ideas you have to use capital letters. Below come the Arabic numbers, then lower case letters follow and at the end numbers in parenthesis are used. Keep the different sections of your outline as parallel as possible. Below is a sample structure of MLA outline format. How to write an outline in MLA format Thesis: The importance of an extensive research when writing a paper is essential if you want your work to be acknowledged and accepted properly by the audience and the instructor and it is absolutely the good research that will make your paper sound convincingly, trustworthy and will be written in a professional manner. I. Research well the thesis you have chosen A. Find the strongest arguments that will support your thesis B. Find debatable counter arguments C. Think of a personal story that proves your thesis II. Make a draft on your outline A. Revaluate your thesis and arguments for the last time 1. Delete arguments that may sound unconvincingly 2. Organize your arguments by strength B. Check the reliability of the arguments you have chosen for the final time 1. Proofread the outline carefully a. Remove any grammatical or contextual mistakes (1) Read your outline and consider it for one last time There’s also one more type of outlining, although it’s rarely used; it is called a decimal one. It is very similar to the one described above, but the only difference is that it uses only Arabic numbers. For example: 1.0. Research well the thesis you have chosen 1.1. Find the strongest argument that will support your thesis 1.2. Find debatable counter arguments 1.3. Think of personal story that proves your thesis A well structured outline will give your whole essay a feeling of logical organization and coherent attitude. If you have trouble outlining the main topic and subtopic just ask yourself where an idea in question can be added or if it starts a whole new discussion. It is good to try to make all of the entries in the outline parallel. If you have done all of the above, writing not only an outline in MLA format but also the whole essay should be quite easy.

(BKK)Managing Diversity Awareness Campaign Essay

(BKK)Managing Diversity Awareness Campaign - Essay Example al., 2006). One of the prominent reasons behind an increase in the differences amongst the employees lies with the inability of the managers or supervisors to manage the employees, resulting to gender inequality in the workplace. An important example of this can be the increasing tendency to develop and provide growth opportunities to the male employees in comparison to the females. Hence, there exists a need to develop several alternatives by which gender can be managed in the workplace, and which would lead to the establishment of a sustainable organization (European Union, 2008). Gender management is important, as it increases the scope of gender diversity and enables the employees to focus upon their respective goals. In this respect, the employees are able to perform their tasks as team members for effective attainment of organizational objectives (Powell, 1994). The diversity awareness campaign will be aimed at â€Å"Gender diversity in the workplace†, which is needed to be managed in order to prevent the emergence and development of differences with respect to employees. One of the most widely used tools to manage gender diversity in the workplace, which plays a crucial role in avoidance of conflicts is leadership. The diversity awareness campaign would focus upon a number of strategies to manage gender diversity in the workplace (UNDP, 2010). Leadership must be considered as the first priority of an organization, as it is regarded as an important driver of change. Leaders can play a lead role in facilitating gender diversity by providing quality training to the employees and ensuring that every employee works as a team and have equal opportunity to participate in the organizational decision making processes. Furthermore, a leader helps in establishment of gender equality through focusing upon formulation of gender equality initiatives (AHRI, 2012). ‘Focus’ is

The Basics of Marketing Ethics in the Cosmetics Industry Essay

The Basics of Marketing Ethics in the Cosmetics Industry - Essay Example The researcher states that for every professional, commitment to ethical principles and conduct is vital. Marketers have diverse ethical responsibilities for consequences that may emanate from their actions or decisions that may affect the public: customers and organizations. Based on ethical viewpoints, marketers conduct are guided by laws and regulations and basic rules of professionalism. Among the basic rules of professionalism that guide marketers are honesty and fairness. In essence, marketers must uphold integrity as professionals. They must undertake their duties through honor and dignity when serving their customers. They must not knowingly engage in activities that develop the conflict of interest. Further, marketers have the core duty to ensure information about products that they promote are not deceptive to customers. Marketers must reveal all substantial risks associated with a product that they promote or service usage to customers. In relation to honesty, information that is most likely to influence the customer’s decision to purchase should be disclosed by the marketer. During promotions, marketers must ensure their conducts are not misleading to the customer. They must not engage in deceptive sales strategies that may cause manipulations to the customer. Further, marketers must not engage in price fixing. In essence, they should disclose all price associated when the customer purchases a product. During promotions, marketers must apply rational balance between the buyer’s demands and seller’s interests. Currently, the company’s most dominant brands are NIVEA, Mauceri and La Prairie. NIVEA is among the global leaving skincare brand of products manufactured by the company. It expanded to international operations during the 1920s and 1930s. It has an estimate of 150 affiliates, globally, although Europe forms its largest market.

To determine the concentration of limewater Essay Example for Free

To determine the concentration of limewater Essay The aim of my experiment is to find the concentration of limewater solution provided. To do this I am provided with the following chemicals. Limewater: 250cm (1g dm ) Hydrochloric acid at concentration of 2 mol dm As you can see the hydrochloric acid is too concentrated for titration (i.e. one drop could change the colour of the solution.) therefore this acid will need to be diluted. Background knowledge: Limewater can be made by dissolved slacked lime in water to get a solution of calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2 ) Quicklime + water slaked lime CaO (s) + H2O (l) CaCl2 (aq) + 2H2O (l) In this reaction it shows the calcium oxide reacts with water to produce calcium hydroxide. After adding more water to calcium hydroxide, it produces the saturated aqueous solution known as limewater. My experiment will be based on this neutralisation reaction between the limewater and hydrochloric acid. Ca(OH) 2(aq) + HCl (aq) CaCl2 (aq) + 2H2O (l) ï ¼Ë†back ground knowledge of limewater provided by AS chemistry 1 page†¦Ã¯ ¼â€° Diluting hydrochloric acid: My first task for this experiment is to dilute the hydrochloric acid. To do this I first needed to work out how many moles I wanted for hydrochloric acid. For this part of my calculation I choose to use text book Calculations for chemistry to help me. Page†¦.. Ca(OH) 2(aq) + HCl (aq) CaCl2 (aq) + 2H2O (l) 1gdm of Ca(OH) 2 Number of moles of limewater Mr of lime water= 40.1 + (16 x 2) + (1 x 2) = 74.1 Mass of lime water=1g Moles of lime water =mass(g)/Mr So 1/74.1=0.13 mol dm-3 Molarities of limewater solution: Morality = no. moles of limewater / volume = 0.013 / 1 = 0.013 mol dm So there is 0.013 mole of Ca(OH) 2 per every 1000cm3 of solution. Therefore 25cm should contain 3.2510-4 moles of Ca(OH) 2. 0.013/40=3.2510-4 mole Ratio of limewater: Hydrochloric acid = 1: 2 = 3.25 x 10 : 6.5 x 10 The hydrochloric acid is 2M which is 2 moles HCl in 1dm of solution. I need 6.5 x 10 moles of acid. Now I need to work out the volume of hydrochloric acid like this: Volume = no. moles x 1000 / concentration = 6.5 x 10 x 1000 / 2 = 0.325cm I want a 25cm titre that contains 6.5 x 10 mol dm Now I need to work out the concentration of hydrochloric acid. Concentration = no. moles x 1000 / volume = 6.5 x 10 x 1000 / 25 = 0.026 mol dm I now know that I want 0.026-mol dm of hydrochloric acid for the reaction to work. But I have been supplied with 2.00-mol solution. I want 250cm of dilute hydrochloric acid at 0.026-mol dm. The total no. moles in 250cm is unknown. 250 cm of the solution should be enough to repeat the experiment. Total number of moles of HCL: No. moles = concentration x volume / 1000 This equation is rearranged to make: Volume = no. moles x 1000 / concentration So 1000cm contains 0.026 moles therefore 250cm contains 0.0065 moles Volume of hydrochloric acid I need : Volume = no. moles x 1000 / concentration = 0.0065 x 1000 / 2 =3.25cm Apparatus Pipette25ml Burette50ml Conical flask 250cm Volumetric flask 250cm Graduated pipette Clamp + stand White paper Distilled water Squeezing pump Safety: Concentrated HCL must be handled with extreme caution due to its corrosive property. Goggle and lab coat must be worn all the way through the experiment. Rubber gloves must be worn when handling concentrated HCL. Hazard sheet must be filled before the experiment. Chemicals used for my titration: Chemical in burette: hydrochloric acid( 0.026mol dm ) Chemical in conical flask: lime water Indicator: methyl orange Method: Here is how I am going to carry out my experiment: Part 1: diluting acid. Add the 3.25cm of hydrochloric acid to the volumetric flask using the graduated pipette to get the exact amount of hydrochloric acid. Fill the same volumetric flask with distilled water until is reaches 250ml. This should now make my dilute hydrochloric acid with 0.0065 -mol dm. Now the hydrochloric acid is ready. Part 2: the titration. Wash burette with tap water, then distilled water and finally with hydrochloric acid. Wash the conical flask with tap water, then distilled water and finally with limewater Set up titration apparatus. Fill the burette with 50cm of the dilute hydrochloric acid making sure the bottom of the meniscus is reading at 50 on the burette. Using a funnel to put the dilute hydrochloric acid in the burette increases safety against spillage. Fill the conical flask with 25cm of limewater using the squeezing pump and pipette. Add three drops of methyl orange to the limewater and mix until it turns a light yellow depending on the concentration of the methyl orange. Place the conical flask containing limewater onto a white paper. Start to run the dilute hydrochloric acid steadily, starting of constantly when a you see a localised colour change, then start to add small drops, finally into drop by drop. shake the conical flask after every drop of HCL is added. This will make sure you will use the exact amount of hydrochloric acid when the colour changes. This improves accuracy and reliability. Repeat all the tests at least three times (Time dependent) so that an average can be obtained. Repeating the experiments several times will help to produce better and more accurate results, as any inaccuracies in one experiment should be compensated for by the other experiments. Note all the results in a table. One thing I have to decide is what indicator I want to use. The indicators methyl orange and phenolphthalein are pretty much one-three drops change and a clear change. The pink/colourless change for phenolphthalein is very definite, the yellow/pink change for methyl orange is clear too. Because these are clear it means I can tell when the reaction has finished easier than using other indicators. Limewater, which is calcium hydroxide, is a strong alkali, even though it is only sparing soluble. Its pH is 14. Hydrochloric acid is a strong acid. This means that even if you have quite a weak concentration it completely dissociates in water into H3O+ ions and OH- ions giving a pH of 1 (The pH is a measure of how many hydrogen ions are present in solution). For the reaction of Calcium hydroxide and Hydrochloric acid I would use methyl orange. It changes colour at around pH 4.4 and will change from yellow in acid to pink in alkali by the addition of limewater. To make this experiment as accurate as possible, the pipette, burette and volumetric flask only have a percentage error of + or – 0.1%. This is only a small error. Also making sure the hydrochloric acid is poured into the burette carefully using a funnel will prevent the hydrochloric acid pouring down the side of the burette.

Network Security :: essays research papers

Over the last 10 years, computers have increased in speed and capacity while decreasing drastically in price. Computers that where once used in the corporate environment, are now slower than typical household computers. While this change occurred, telecommunications have improved to allow computers to communicate easily from remote locations, adding great opportunities for illegal activities. Data can be changed or destroyed, systems can be made to malfunction and long distance charges can be avoided. One of the biggest challenges today is to control the network security. Network security is having protection of networks and their services from unauthorized access, destruction, or disclosure. Malicious acts bring up the important topic of disaster recovery. Companies must have up to date copies of their important documents and software to prevent extended downtime. The saved information will let the company’s employees continue to work while the IT department deals the damage d media. In 2002, computer virus attacks caused companies roughly $20 billion to $30 billion up from $13 billion in 2001. This number continues to grow as more computers are sold. Users must realize the risk of the internet and file sharing before the statistics can decline. Examples are peer-to-peer download software, instant messaging channels, and email. These examples sound like home user issues but the reality is that employees are always finding ways to use this software in the working environment. In the end, it jeopardizes the network and costs companies money. Software companies have developed ways to deal with computer viruses and email spam in an automated fashion. Some can be free for personal use and others are expensive intended for corporate level networks. Confidentiality in computer systems prevents the release of information to unauthorized people. Individuals who trespass into someone else’s computer system or exceed their own authority in accessing certain information, violate the legitimate owner’s right to keep private information secret. Integrity of electronically stored information ensures that no one has tampered with it or modified it without authorization. Any unauthorized corruption, impairment, or modification or computer information or hardware constitutes an attack against the integrity of that information. Many of the malicious hacking activities, such as computer viruses, worms, and Trojan horses, fall into the integrity category. The same is true for individuals who purposefully change or manipulate data either for profit or some other motivation, such as revenge, politics, terrorism, or simply for a challenge. Internal computer crimes are alterations to programs that result in the performance of unauthorized functions within a computer system.

A Data Warehouse Appliance Can Have a Huge Positive Impact on Businesses and Organizations Essay

Businesses and organizations of all sizes are becoming increasingly dependent on data analytics, and data warehouses or business analytic infrastructure has become a business critical application for many (if not most) companies. Indeed, these companies have always searched for better ways to understand their customers, and anticipate their needs. They have longed to improve the speed and accuracy of operational decision-making. Equally important as timeliness is the depth of the data analysis. Generally, the companies want to decipher all secrets hidden within the massive amounts of ever-increasing data. A data warehouse appliance, which is an integrated collection of hardware and software designed for a specific purpose typically involving the high throughput of data and analytic functions, can be used by organizations to optimize various areas of data processing. Its main intent is to supplant conventional business intelligence functions, such as warehousing, extract-transform-load (ETL), analysis and reporting. Due to its cost-effectiveness and efficiency, the data warehouse appliance has become an important segment of the data warehousing market. In this paper, I will examine the data warehouse appliances and describe its positive impact on business enterprises. Introduction Since introduced in the early 1990s, data warehouse (DW) has proven to be the key platform for strategic and tactical decision support systems in the competitive business environment today. See more: Analysis of Starbucks coffee company employees essay It has become a major technology for building data management infrastructure, and resulted in many benefits for various organizations, including providing â€Å"a single version of the truth, better data analysis and time savings for users, reductions in head count, facilitation of the development of new applications, better data, and support for customer-focused business strategies† (Rahman, 2007). The technology has become extremely important in an environment where increasing competition, unpredictable market fluctuations, and changing regulatory environments are putting pressure on business organizations. Data warehouses are also becoming the central repositories of organization/company information for data, which is obtained from a variety of operational data sources. Business applications will find data warehouses more beneficial and rely on them as the main source of information as they progress. These applications are able to perform all sorts of data analysis, with increasing customer demands for having the most up-to-date information available in data warehouses. Improving data freshness within short time frames is essential to meeting such demands. According to Hong et al, virtually all Fortune 1000 companies, today, have data warehouses, and many medium and small sized firms are developing them. The desire to improve decision-making and organizational performance is the fundamental business driver behind data warehouses. DW help managers easily discover problems and opportunities sooner, and widen the scope of their analysis. Hong also mentions that data warehouse is user-driven, meaning that users are allowed to be in control of the data and will have the responsibility of determining and finding the data they need. But however, the data warehouses have to be designed and evaluated from the user perspective in order to motivate users to be responsible for finding the data they need. Data warehouse is said to be â€Å"one of the most powerful decision-support tools to have emerged in the last decade† (Ramamurthy, 2008). They are developed by firms to help managers answer important business questions which require analytics including data slicing and dicing, pivoting, drill-downs, roll-ups and aggregations. And these analytics are best supported by online-analytical processing (OLAP) tools. A data warehouse appliance, which is the main topic of discussion in this research, is referred to as an integrated collection of hardware and software designed for specific purposes involving the high throughput of data and analytic functions. Data warehouse appliance has become an important segment of the data warehousing market, due to its cost-effectiveness and efficiency. A business or organization can use a data warehouse appliance to optimize various areas of data processing. In general, the main purpose of the DW appliance is to supplant conventional business intelligence (BI) functions including warehousing, extract, transform, load (ETL), analysis, and reporting. A data warehouse appliance can have a huge positive impact on a business enterprise. Large organizations are able to staff their data warehouse more efficiently, while assisting mid-level companies in solving business intelligence challenges. Data warehouse is fundamentally changing the way the businesses operate, as they are increasingly adopted across various companies. The purpose of this paper is to present the data warehouse appliances and how they impact businesses and organizations. In the next sections, I present a brief overview of data warehousing and the current state of BI, then I define and discuss DW appliances including its benefits, after which I describe the positive impact of DW appliances on businesses. Data Warehousing A data warehouse can basically be defined a subject-oriented, integrated, non-volatile, and time-variant collection of data in support of management’s decisions. Unlike the on-line transaction processing (OLTP) database systems, data warehouses are organized around subjects storing historical/summarized data for business requirement purposes. According to O’Brien and Marakas, a data warehouse is a central source of data which have been cleaned, transformed and cataloged so they are usable by managers/business professionals for data mining, online analytical processing, market research, and decision support. These stored data are usually extracted from various operational, external, and other database management system of an organization. DW can be sub-divided into data marts, holding subsets of data from the warehouse that focus on specific aspects, such as department, of a company. In general all data warehouse systems comprises of the following layers; data source, data extraction, staging area, ETL, data storage, data logic, data presentation, metadata, and system operations layer. But the four major components include the multi-dimensional database, ETL, OLAP, and metadata. The dimensional database applies the concept of standard star-schema including dimension and fact tables, hierarchies for drill-down, role models, aggregates and snow flaking. It optimizes database design for better performance. The ETL process involves the extraction, transformation and loading of data with appropriate ETL tools. Data integration is one of the most important aspects of data warehouse, whereby data is extracted from multiple heterogeneous source systems and placed in a staging area where it is cleaned, transformed, pruned, reformatted, standardized, combined, and summarized before loading into the warehouse. OLAP (online analytical processing) tool provides the front-end analytical capabilities including slice and dice, drill up, drill down, drill across, pivoting, and trend analysis across time. And metadata stores information (or data) about the data in the warehouse system. The components of a complete data warehouse architectural system are illustrated in Figure 1 below. Figure 1 An important characteristic about the data in a data warehouse is that they are static, unlike a typical database with constant changes. Once the data are gathered up, formatted for storage, and stored in the data warehouse, they will never change. The restriction is such that complex patterns or historical trends can be searched for, and analyzed, by queries. Data warehouses are also non-volatile in the sense that end-users cannot update the data directly, thereby being able to maintain a history of the data. A major use of the data warehouse databases is data mining, in which the data are analyzed to reveal hidden patterns and trends in historical business activity. Such analysis could be used to help managers make decisions about strategic changes in business operations in order to gain competitive advantages in the marketplace. Data warehousing is a relatively new technology that â€Å"brings the vision of an entirely new (customer-centric) way of conducting business to reality†, and can provide â€Å"environments promising a revolution in organizational creativity and innovation† (Ramamurthy, 2008). Ramamurthy also mentioned that data warehouse generally serves as an IT infrastructure technology, focused on data architecture, as it provides a foundation for integrating a diverse set of internal and external data sources, enabling enterprise-wide data access and sharing, enforcing data quality standards, providing answers to business questions, and promoting strategic thinking through CRM, data mining, and other front-end BI applications. Users of the data warehouses are from virtually every business unit, amongst which information systems, marketing and sales, finance, production and operations, are the heaviest users. Current State of Business Intelligence Business Intelligence are computer based techniques used in identifying, extracting and analyzing business data. Sales revenue by products, department, time, region or income are such examples. The BI technologies provide historical, current and predictive views of business operations. Some common functions of BI technologies include reporting, online analytical processing, analytics, data mining, text-mining and predictive analytics. As BI aims to support better business decision-making, they can also be referred to as a decision support system. BI applications often use data gathered from data warehouses or data marts, however, not all BI applications require a data warehouse. With sources from Wikipedia, business intelligence can be applied to business purposes in order to drive business value. Amongst these business purposes include measurement, analytics, reporting, collaboration, and knowledge management. BI is widely used today, mainly to describe analytic applications. According to Watson, BI is currently the top-most priority of many chief information officers. In a survey of 1,400 CIOs, from Gartner Group, it was discovered that BI projects were the number one technology priority for 2007. Watson further informs that the BI is a process which basically consists of two primary activities; â€Å"getting data in and getting data out†. Getting data in, also referred to as data ware housing, delivers limited value to a business enterprise. Organizations realize the full value of data from data warehouses only when users and applications access the data and use it to make decisions. Getting data out receives the most attention, as it consists of business users/applications accessing data from DW to perform enterprise reporting, OLAP, querying and analytics. The business intelligence framework is depicted in figure 2. Current BI infrastructure is a patchwork of hardware, software and storage that is growing ever more complex. Figure 2 – BI framework BI is continuing to evolve, and several recent developments are generating widespread interest, including real-time BI, business performance management, and pervasive BI. Data Warehousing Appliance A data warehouse is developed to support a broad range of organizational tasks. It can be referred to as an organized collection of large amounts of structured data, designed and intended to support decision making in organizations. The import of information and knowledge from a data warehouse is a complex process that requires understanding of the logical schema structure and the underlying business environment. According to Hinshaw, a data warehouse appliance, applied to business intelligence, â€Å"is a machine capable of retrieving valuable decision-aiding intelligence from terabytes of data in seconds or minutes versus hours or days†. The appliances represent the difference between decision-making using either stale data or the freshest information possible. With sources from Wikipedia, a more standard definition of the data warehouse appliance is an integrated collection of hardware and software designed for a specific purpose that typically involves the high throughput of data and analytic functions. It typically consists of integrated set of servers, operating systems, data storage facilities, database management systems (DBMS), and software that is pre-installed and pre-optimized for data warehousing. DW appliances provide solutions for the mid-to-large volume data warehouse market, offering low-cost performance usually on data volumes within the terabyte range. Due to its cost-effectiveness and efficiency, the data warehouse appliance has become a critical segment of the data warehousing market. A business or an organization can use a data warehouse appliance to optimize various areas of data processing. The main purpose of a DW appliance, in general, is to supplant conventional business intelligence functions, such as warehousing, extract, transform, load (ETL), analysis, and reporting. A true DW appliance is defined as one that does not require fine-tuning, indexing, partitioning, or aggregating, whereas, some other DW appliances use languages such as SQL to facilitate interaction with the appliance at a database request level. With reference to Wikipedia, most data warehouse appliance vendors use massive parallel processing (MPP) architectures to provide high query performance and platform scalability. The MPP architectures consist of independent processors or servers executing in parallel, implementing a â€Å"shared nothing architecture† which provides an effective way to combine multiple nodes within a highly parallel environment. A DW appliance is capable of deploying up to thousands of query processing nodes in one ppliance package, compared to traditional solutions where the cost and complexity of each additional node prevents a high level of hardware parallelism. Leveraging fully integrated data warehouse architecture, a data warehouse appliance can deliver a significant performance advantage, performing up to 100 times faster than general-purpose data warehousing systems. Maturation With reference to Hinshaw, data warehouse appliance is specifically designed for the streaming workload of business intelligence and is built based on commodity components. It integrates hardware, DBMS and storage into one opaque device and combines the best elements of SMP and massively parallel processing (MPP) approaches into one that allows a query to be processed in the best possible optimized way. A data warehouse appliance is fully compatible with existing BI applications, tools and data, through standard interfaces. It is simple to use and has an extremely low cost of ownership. The development of standardized interfaces, protocols and functionality is one of the most important trends in BI. In comparison to about a decade ago, there are a wealth of tools and applications using these standardized interfaces including MicroStrategy, Business Objects, Cognos, SAS and SPSS. And these are coupled with ETL tools having standardized interfaces such as Ab Initio, Ascential and Informatica. The appliances work seamlessly with these tools and other in-house applications. A data warehouse appliance is truly scalable. The bottlenecks are the speeds of the internal buses, internal networks, and disk transfer in BI, whereas in transactional workloads, scalability is limited primarily by CPU. Reliability, which is provided by the homogenous nature of an appliance – all parts of the system coming from a vendor, is also critical. A data warehouse appliance also provides simplicity for the administrators, in that it allows administrators spend a more productive time in troubleshooting complex database systems. And DBAs can be deployed to assist end users doing real-time BI. A data warehouse appliance offers the lowest cost of ownership as it has one source and one vendor, thereby reducing costs associated with support. Businesses and organizations will run more efficiently with the simple, efficient solution provided by a data warehouse appliance. Benefits Data warehouse appliances provide freedom to the business user. With patch-work systems, users are limited in the queries they can run due to the time required to run them. And with the time required to run a complex query reduced to seconds, users can not only run their old analysis with more iterations, but have the time to devise and run entirely new sets of analysis on granular data. With sources from Wikipedia, some researched benefits of DW appliance are briefly discussed as follows; Reduction in costs – As a data warehouse grows, the total cost of ownership of the data warehouse consists of initial entry costs, maintenance costs, and the cost of changing capacity. DW appliances offer low entry and maintenance cost. Parallel performance – DW appliances provide a compelling price/performance ratio. The vendors use several distribution and partitioning methods to provide parallel performance. With high performance on highly granular data, DW appliances can address analytics that could previously not meet performance requirements. Reduced Administration – DW appliances can provide a single vendor solution, taking ownership for optimizing the parts and software within the appliance, thereby eliminating the customer’s costs for integration and regression testing of the DBMS, OS and storage on a terabyte scale. DW appliance reduces administration via automated space-allocation, reduced index-maintenance and reduced tuning and performance analysis. Scalability – DW appliances scale for both capacity and performance. In massive parallel processing architectures, adding servers increases performance as well as capacity. Built-in high availability – Massive parallel processing DW appliance vendors provide built-in high availability via redundancy on components within the appliance. Warm-standby servers, dual networks, dual power-supplies, disk mirroring with fail-over and solutions for server failure are offered by many. Increasingly, business analytics are expected to be used to improve the current cycle, and DW appliances provide quick implementations without the need for regression and integration testing. Also, DW appliances provide solutions for many analytic application uses. Some of these applications include; enterprise data warehousing, super-sized sandboxes isolating power users with resource intensive queries, pilot projects, off-loading projects from the enterprise data warehouse, applications with specific performance or loading requirements, data marts that have outgrown their present environment, turnkey data warehouses, solutions for applications with high data growth and high performance requirements, and applications needing data warehouse encryption. Impact of Data Warehouse Appliances on Businesses and Organization Demand for data warehouse appliances is increasing, and businesses taking advantage of the benefits of this hardware range from a world-wide large-scale business to the smallest individual business. Data virtualization could be a useful partner to appliances, providing a single view of information across multiple appliances. Data virtualization is also useful because it provides a stable reporting layer during normal migration exercises, such as the circumstances during addition of data warehouse appliances to the information infrastructure. As businesses today continue to process extremely large volumes of data, there is always the need to keep data warehousing costs under control while ensuring a superior BI and application performance. Scalability, flexibility, and affordability are essential requirements for designing an infrastructure capable of supporting next-generation BI performance. When asked why the demand for data warehouse appliance is increasing, during an interview, Robert Eve (executive vice president of marketing for Composite Software Inc. ) stated that it is the confluence of three primary drivers at the macro level. The first is â€Å"the well-reported information explosion, and the technical challenges involved in making this information accessible in forms that business decision-makers can easily use†. Secondly, data warehouse appliances are more affordable and appealing, as the costs per terabyte and for support are coming down. And finally, recent advancements in analytics technology, notably in predictive analytics, promise to concur with the massive data volumes. Data warehouse appliances offer numerous advantages some of which are similar to benefits. Amongst the advantages include; more reporting and analytical capabilities – data warehouse appliance are able to handle bigger and more complex query workload, if it executes queries, Cost reductions – data warehouse appliance requires a minimal amount of tuning and optimization of the database server and database design. It is also able to run most queries with a quick speed, Flexibility – it will be easier to implement new user requests if less tuning and optimization is needed. With other database servers, a new query might lead to quite a number of technical changes, such as creating and dropping indexes, repartitioning tables, etc. Sometimes, decision is made not to implement the new request at all, due to the overwhelming work. The need for these additional technical changes is less with a data warehouse appliance. Data warehouse appliances helps support impressive BI deployments. With reference to Hinshaw, real world application examples of the positive impact of DW appliance on businesses are discussed. The rapid growth of call detail records, in the telecommunications industry, creates an imposing amount of data, which makes it difficult for companies to quickly and efficiently analyze customer and call plan information. And traditional approaches have been inefficient in processing queries on even a month’s data, seriously hampering an organization’s ability to perform trend analysis to reduce customer churn and generate timely reports. However, with a DW appliance, the telecom user can analyze customer activity down to the call detail record level over a full year’s worth of detailed data. Another industry where data warehouse appliances have begun to prove their worth, and are poised to play a bigger role in the future, is the retail. Hinshaw states that Brick-and-mortar and online retailers are capturing great amounts of customer transaction and supply chain information, creating a data explosion that threatens to overwhelm an average retail organization and its current IT infrastructure. But data warehouse appliances enable these retailers to manage and analyze the terabytes of information in near-real time. They are able to use the information to effectively forecast buying patterns, quickly generate targeted promotions and optimize their inventory and supply chain. Business intelligence remains the foundation for the success of decision making in any company. And BI, itself, relies on the underlying database architecture. Eve also presents other real world examples of positive business impact among a broad range of industries. A leading worldwide convenience foods business uses data warehouse appliances and analytic applications to acquire major business benefits in two specific areas. One of which the company optimizes its international network of delivery routes, making the system more efficient and ensuring timely delivery of its products. Secondly, it continuously refines its merchandizing mix daily, on a retail basis, in order to maximize sales and margins. Major League Baseball captures information about every pitch, at-bat, and fielding play within a data warehouse appliance, using this data to predict players’ future on-field performance. This can help teams to evaluate current and free-agent talent, refine coaching and development methods, and determine salaries, hence maximizing their wins. Also, a global freight, transportation, and logistics company uses data warehouse appliances to identify behavioral patterns that indicate potential dissatisfaction within its existing customer base. The customer care group then proactively takes steps to improve satisfaction before they lose their customers. Currently, smaller data warehouse appliance vendors seem to be focusing on adding functionality to their products in order to compete with the mega-vendors. However, it is anticipated that all appliance vendors will be impacted by the trend toward an inexpensive, high-performance, and scalable virtualized data warehouse implementations which use regular hardware and open source software. Conclusion In general, data warehouse appliance is a combination hardware and software product specifically designed for analytical processing. In a traditional data warehouse implementation, the database administrator can spend a significant amount of time tuning and putting structures around the data to get the database to perform well for large sets of users. But with a data warehouse appliance, it is the vendor who is responsible for simplifying the physical database design layer and making sure that the software is tuned for the hardware. In this research, a comprehensive examination/review of the data warehouse appliances, their benefits, and how they positively impact businesses and organizations, was presented. Based on this research, the negative impact of DW appliances on businesses are negligible compared to its positive impact. And there is an increasing demand for DW appliances. I believe that, in the near future, the DW appliances will become the sole platform for all business intelligence applications and requirements. I gained much knowledge and insights from researching this topic, and I intend to further my research on future impacts of DW appliance on businesses.

The Planet Mars Science Fair Project Ideas

Scientists are learning more about the planet Mars every year and that makes now a perfect time to use it as the subject of a science fair project. It is a project that both middle and high school students can pull off and they can take many different approaches to create  a unique and impressive display. Why is Mars Special? Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and is commonly referred to as the Red Planet. Mars is more similar to Earth than Venus in regards to atmosphere, even though its only just over half the size of our planet. There is intense interest focused on Mars due to the possibility of liquid water being present there. Scientists are still trying to figure out if there is still water on Mars or if it was present at some time in the plants past. That possibility yields the chance of Mars harboring life. Quick Facts About Mars Mars has two moons, Phobos and Deimos.Mars is named after the Roman god of war and it influenced the naming of the month March.One year on Mars is equal to about two years on Earth.One day on Mars is half an hour longer than one day on Earth.The atmosphere of Mars is 95% carbon dioxide. Recent Mars Expeditions NASA has been sending spacecraft to study Mars since 1964 when Mariner 3 attempted to photograph the planet. Since then, over 20 space missions have launched to explore the surface further and future missions are planned as well. The Mars rover, Sojourner, was the first robotic rover to land on Mars during the Pathfinder mission in 1997. More recent Mars rovers like Spirit, Opportunity, and Curiosity have given us the best views and data available to date from the Martian surface. Mars Science Fair Project Ideas Build a scale model of our solar system. Where does Mars fit in the grand scheme of all the other planets. How does its distance from the Sun affect the climate on Mars.Explain the forces at work when the Mars orbits the sun. What keeps it in place? Is it moving further away? Does it have remain the same distance from the sun as it orbits?Study pictures of Mars. What new discoveries did we learn from pictures the rovers sent back versus satellite photos NASA captured before? How does the Martian landscape differ from Earth? Are there places on Earth that resemble Mars?What are the features of Mars? Could they support some kind of life? Why or why not?Why is Mars red?  Is Mars really red on the surface or is it an optical illusion? What minerals are on Mars that cause it to appear red? Relate your discoveries to things we can relate to on Earth and show pictures.What have we learned in the various missions to Mars? What were the most significant discoveries? What questions did each successful mission answer and did a later mission prove these wrong?What does NASA have planned for future Mars missions? Will they be able to build a Mars colony? If so, what will it look like and how are they preparing for it?How long does it take to travel to Mars?  When astronauts are sent to Mars, what will the trip be like? Are photographs sent back from Mars in real-time or is there a delay? How are the photos relayed to Earth?How does a rover work? Are the rovers still working on Mars? If you love to build things, a scale model of a rover would be a great project! Resources for a Mars Science Fair Project Every good science fair project begins with research. Use these resources to learn more about Mars. As you read, you may even come up with new ideas for your project. Mars Exploration from NASABuild a Solar SystemYour Weight on Other Worlds